Knowledge Portal Munitions in the Sea

Knowledge Portal Munitions in the Sea

Resources

Tabbed contents

Expand all Close all

Management

Information: Public administration

"Munitions underwater – a problem for today" | Adam Cumming | 2024
"Ecotoxicological Risk of World War Relic Munitions in the Sea after Low- and High-Order Blast-in-Place Operations" | Edmund Maser, Katrine J. Andresen, Tobias H. Bünning, Ole R. Clausen, Uwe Wichert, Jennifer S. Strehse | 2024
"Underwater UXO detection using magnetometry on hovering AUVs" | Marc Seidel, Torsten Frey, Jens Greinert | 2023
"Impact of Munitions and Explosives of Concern (MEC) on Maritime Safety, Security and Sustainable Remediation (AVT-330)" | Adam Cumming, Claus Boettcher | 2023
"Risk assessment of war wrecks – a comprehensive approach investigating four wrecks containing munitions in the German Bight/North Sea" | Sven Bergmann, Matthias Brenner, Jennifer Susanne Strehse, Tobias Hartwig Bünning, Edmund Maser et al. | 2023
"Domain Enriched Deep Networks for Munition Detection in Underwater 3D Sonar Imagery" | Trung Hoang, Kyle S. Dalton, Isaac Gerg, Vishal Monga | 2022
"SERDP and ESTCP Workshop on State of the Science and Research and Development Needs for Assessing the Environmental Risk of Conventional Underwater Military Munitions" | Guilherme R Lotufo, Gunther Rosen, Geoff Carton | 2021
"The use of historical evidence in studies on underwater munitions" | Alex Souchen | 2021
"Missing from the record: historians, archival research and underwater munitions" | Alex Souchen | 2021
"Environmental Characterization of Underwater Munitions Constituents at a Former Military Training Range" | Gunther Rosen, Guilherme R Lotufo, Jason Belden, Robert D. George | 2021
Baltic Sea Parliamentary Conference: "Report on Sea-Dumped Munitions for the 30th BSPC" | Peter Stein | 2021
"Effekter av støyforurensning på havmiljø - kunnskapsstatus og forvaltningsrådgiving" (Effects of noise pollution on the marine environment - knowledge status and management advice, norwegian language) | Petter H Kvadsheim, Tonje N Forland, Karen de Jong, Daniel Nyqvist, Endre Grimsbø, Lise D Sivle | 2020
Baltic Sea Parliamentary Conference: "Interim Report 2020 by the Rapporteur on Sea Dumped Munitions" | Peter Stein | 2020
"The strange case of the Richard Montgomery: on the evolution of intractable risk" | David E. Alexander | 2019
"Environmental risks related to munition dumped at sea: case study from the Paardenmarkt dumpsite off the Belgian coast" | Tine Missiaen, Flanders Marine Institute | 2019
"Towards the Monitoring of Dumped Munitions Threat (MODUM) - A Study of Chemical Munitions Dumpsites in the Baltic Sea" | Jacek Bełdowski, Robert Been, Eyup Kuntay Turmus | 2017
"Extracting elastic target information from acoustic scattering data of underwater munitions" | David Malphurs | 2016
"Avoiding a big bang for your buck" | David Appleyard | Available online 21 December 2015
"Environmental hazard of yperite released at sea: sublethal toxic effects on fish" | Camilla Della Torre, Tommaso Petochi, Cristina Farchi, Ilaria Corsi, Maria Maddalena Dinardo, Valerio Sammarini, Luigi Alcaro, Luca Mechelli, Silvano Focardi, Angelo Tursi, Giovanna Marino, Ezio Amato | 2013
"Technocratic Responses to the Politicization of Risk: Underwater Munitions in New York City’s Gravesend Bay and Narrows" | Matthew Bolton | 2012

Information: Public administration

Adam Cumming (2024):
- "Munitions underwater – a problem for today"
Edmund Maser, Katrine J. Andresen, Tobias H. Bünning, Ole R. Clausen, Uwe Wichert, Jennifer S. Strehse (2024):
- "Ecotoxicological Risk of World War Relic Munitions in the Sea after Low- and High-Order Blast-in-Place Operations"
Marc Seidel, Torsten Frey, Jens Greinert (2023):
- "Underwater UXO detection using magnetometry on hovering AUVs"
Adam Cumming, Claus Boettcher (2023):
- "Impact of Munitions and Explosives of Concern (MEC) on Maritime Safety, Security and Sustainable Remediation (AVT-330)"
Sven Bergmann, Matthias Brenner, Jennifer Susanne Strehse, Tobias Hartwig Bünning, Edmund Maser et al. (2023):
- "Risk assessment of war wrecks – a comprehensive approach investigating four wrecks containing munitions in the German Bight/North Sea"
Trung Hoang, Kyle S. Dalton, Isaac Gerg, Vishal Monga (2022):
- "Domain Enriched Deep Networks for Munition Detection in Underwater 3D Sonar Imagery"
Guilherme R Lotufo, Gunther Rosen, Geoff Carton (2021):
- "SERDP and ESTCP Workshop on State of the Science and Research and Development Needs for Assessing the Environmental Risk of Conventional Underwater Military Munitions"
Alex Souchen (2021):
- "The use of historical evidence in studies on underwater munitions"
Alex Souchen (2021):
- "Missing from the record: historians, archival research and underwater munitions"
Gunther Rosen, Guilherme R Lotufo, Jason Belden, Robert D. George (2021):
- "Environmental Characterization of Underwater Munitions Constituents at a Former Military Training Range"
Peter Stein (2021):
- Baltic Sea Parliamentary Conference: "Report on Sea-Dumped Munitions for the 30th BSPC"
Petter H Kvadsheim, Tonje N Forland, Karen de Jong, Daniel Nyqvist, Endre Grimsbø, Lise D Sivle (2020):
- "Effekter av støyforurensning på havmiljø - kunnskapsstatus og forvaltningsrådgiving" (Effects of noise pollution on the marine environment - knowledge status and management advice, norwegian language)
Peter Stein (2020):
- Baltic Sea Parliamentary Conference: "Interim Report 2020 by the Rapporteur on Sea Dumped Munitions"
David E. Alexander (2019):
- "The strange case of the Richard Montgomery: on the evolution of intractable risk"
Tine Missiaen, Flanders Marine Institute (2019)
- "Environmental risks related to munition dumped at sea: case study from the Paardenmarkt dumpsite off the Belgian coast"
Jacek Bełdowski, Robert Been, Eyup Kuntay Turmus (2017):
- "Towards the Monitoring of Dumped Munitions Threat (MODUM) - A Study of Chemical Munitions Dumpsites in the Baltic Sea"
David Malphurs (2016):
- "Extracting elastic target information from acoustic scattering data of underwater munitions"
David Appleyard (Available online 21 December 2015):
- "Avoiding a big bang for your buck"
Camilla Della Torre, Tommaso Petochi, Cristina Farchi, Ilaria Corsi, Maria Maddalena Dinardo, Valerio Sammarini, Luigi Alcaro, Luca Mechelli, Silvano Focardi, Angelo Tursi, Giovanna Marino, Ezio Amato (2013):
- "Environmental hazard of yperite released at sea: sublethal toxic effects on fish"
Matthew Bolton (2012):
- "Technocratic Responses to the Politicization of Risk: Underwater Munitions in New York City’s Gravesend Bay and Narrows"

Information: Science

Vadym Slyusar (2024):
- "Application of Neural Network Technologies for Underwater Munitions Detection"
Marc Seidel, Torsten Frey, Jens Greinert (2023):
- "Underwater UXO detection using magnetometry on hovering AUVs"
Sven Bergmann, Matthias Brenner, Jennifer Susanne Strehse, Tobias Hartwig Bünning, Edmund Maser et al. (2023):
- "Risk assessment of war wrecks – a comprehensive approach investigating four wrecks containing munitions in the German Bight/North Sea"
Andrey A. Vedenin (2023):
- "Spatial structure and biodiversity of macrofauna around marine munition dumpsites - A case study from the Baltic Sea"
Marcelo Carneiro dos Santos et al. (2023):
- Assessment of the impact of chemical weapons disposal in the ocean according to international conventions
Svenja Papenmeier, Alexander Darr and Peter Feldens (2022):
- Geomorphological Data from Detonation Craters in theFehmarn Belt, German Baltic Sea
Alex Souchen (2021):
- "The use of historical evidence in studies on underwater munitions"
Alex Souchen (2021):
- "Missing from the record: historians, archival research and underwater munitions"
Torsten Frey, Mareike Kampmeier, Marc Seidel (2021):
- Uncovering the Secrets of German Marine Munitions Dumpsites - High-performance UXO Detection and Visualization
Gunther Rosen, Guilherme R Lotufo, Robert D George, Jason Belden (2018):
- "Field Validation of POCIS for Monitoring at Underwater Munitions Sites: Field validation of POCIS for underwater munitions sites"
Tina Kunde, Philipp Held, Harald Sternberg, Jens Schneider von Deimling (2018):
- Ammunition detection using high frequency multibeam snippet backscatter information
David Malphurs (2016):
- "Extracting elastic target information from acoustic scattering data of underwater munitions"

Information: NGOs

Helsinki Commission – HELCOM (2024):
- "Hazardous Submerged Objects in the Baltic Sea" [pdf]
Adam Cumming (2024):
- "Munitions underwater – a problem for today"
Edmund Maser, Katrine J. Andresen, Tobias H. Bünning, Ole R. Clausen, Uwe Wichert, Jennifer S. Strehse (2024):
- "Ecotoxicological Risk of World War Relic Munitions in the Sea after Low- and High-Order Blast-in-Place Operations"
Adam Cumming, Claus Boettcher (2023):
- "Impact of Munitions and Explosives of Concern (MEC) on Maritime Safety, Security and Sustainable Remediation (AVT-330)"
Sven Bergmann, Matthias Brenner, Jennifer Susanne Strehse, Tobias Hartwig Bünning, Edmund Maser et al. (2023):
- "Risk assessment of war wrecks – a comprehensive approach investigating four wrecks containing munitions in the German Bight/North Sea"
Andrey A. Vedenin (2023):
- "Spatial structure and biodiversity of macrofauna around marine munition dumpsites - A case study from the Baltic Sea"
Marcelo Carneiro dos Santos et al. (2023):
- Assessment of the impact of chemical weapons disposal in the ocean according to international conventions
Svenja Papenmeier, Alexander Darr and Peter Feldens (2022):
- Geomorphological Data from Detonation Craters in theFehmarn Belt, German Baltic Sea
Guilherme R Lotufo, Gunther Rosen, Geoff Carton (2021):
- "SERDP and ESTCP Workshop on State of the Science and Research and Development Needs for Assessing the Environmental Risk of Conventional Underwater Military Munitions"
Alex Souchen (2021):
- "Missing from the record: historians, archival research and underwater munitions"
Gunther Rosen, Guilherme R Lotufo, Jason Belden, Robert D. George (2021):
- "Environmental Characterization of Underwater Munitions Constituents at a Former Military Training Range"
Jennifer S. Strehse, Tobias H. Bünning and Edmund Maser (2021):
- "Ocean Pollution – A Selection of Anthropogenic Implications" [ PDF 0.9 MB ]
Petter H Kvadsheim, Tonje N Forland, Karen de Jong, Daniel Nyqvist, Endre Grimsbø, Lise D Sivle (2020):
- "Effekter av støyforurensning på havmiljø - kunnskapsstatus og forvaltningsrådgiving" (Effects of noise pollution on the marine environment - knowledge status and management advice, norwegian language)
Matthew Bolton (2012):
- "Technocratic Responses to the Politicization of Risk: Underwater Munitions in New York City’s Gravesend Bay and Narrows"

Risk assessment: Public administration

Adam Cumming (2024):
- "Munitions underwater – a problem for today"
Edmund Maser, Katrine J. Andresen, Tobias H. Bünning, Ole R. Clausen, Uwe Wichert, Jennifer S. Strehse (2024):
- "Ecotoxicological Risk of World War Relic Munitions in the Sea after Low- and High-Order Blast-in-Place Operations"
Adam Cumming, Claus Boettcher (2023):
- "Impact of Munitions and Explosives of Concern (MEC) on Maritime Safety, Security and Sustainable Remediation (AVT-330)"
Sven Bergmann, Matthias Brenner, Jennifer Susanne Strehse, Tobias Hartwig Bünning, Edmund Maser et al. (2023):
- "Risk assessment of war wrecks – a comprehensive approach investigating four wrecks containing munitions in the German Bight/North Sea"
Marcelo Carneiro dos Santos et al. (2023):
- Assessment of the impact of chemical weapons disposal in the ocean according to international conventions
Petter Kvadsheim, André Adelsten Søvik, Eirik Rokke, Marianne Lanzky Kolstrup, Tonje Nesse Forland, Geir Pedersen, Endre Grimsbø, Ole Bendik Dale (2022):
- "Risiko for skade på laksefisk i omkringliggende oppdrettsanlegg ved etablering av undervanns- skytefelt på Korsnes Fort" (Risk of damage to salmonids in surrounding fish farms when establishing an underwater shooting range at Korsnes Fort, norwegian language)
Geir P.Novik (2022):
- "Analysis of samples of high explosives extracted from explosive remnants of war"
Guilherme R Lotufo, Gunther Rosen, Geoff Carton (2021):
- "SERDP and ESTCP Workshop on State of the Science and Research and Development Needs for Assessing the Environmental Risk of Conventional Underwater Military Munitions"
Alex Souchen (2021):
- "The use of historical evidence in studies on underwater munitions"
Gunther Rosen, Guilherme R Lotufo, Jason Belden, Robert D. George (2021):
- "Environmental Characterization of Underwater Munitions Constituents at a Former Military Training Range"
Petter H Kvadsheim, Tonje N Forland, Karen de Jong, Daniel Nyqvist, Endre Grimsbø, Lise D Sivle (2020):
- "Effekter av støyforurensning på havmiljø - kunnskapsstatus og forvaltningsrådgiving" (Effects of noise pollution on the marine environment - knowledge status and management advice, norwegian language)
David E.Alexander (2019):
- "The strange case of the Richard Montgomery: on the evolution of intractable risk"
Gunther Rosen, Guilherme R Lotufo, Robert D George, Jason Belden (2018):
- "Field Validation of POCIS for Monitoring at Underwater Munitions Sites: Field validation of POCIS for underwater munitions sites"
David Appleyard (Available online 21 December 2015):
- "Avoiding a big bang for your buck"
Tine Missiaen, Flanders Marine Institute (2019)
- "Environmental risks related to munition dumped at sea: case study from the Paardenmarkt dumpsite off the Belgian coast"
Matthew Bolton (2012):
- "Technocratic Responses to the Politicization of Risk: Underwater Munitions in New York City’s Gravesend Bay and Narrows"

Risk assessment: Science

Sven Bergmann, Matthias Brenner, Jennifer Susanne Strehse, Tobias Hartwig Bünning, Edmund Maser et al. (2023):
- "Risk assessment of war wrecks – a comprehensive approach investigating four wrecks containing munitions in the German Bight/North Sea"
Marcelo Carneiro dos Santos et al. (2023):
- Assessment of the impact of chemical weapons disposal in the ocean according to international conventions
Geir P.Novik (2022):
- "Analysis of samples of high explosives extracted from explosive remnants of war"
Gunther Rosen, Guilherme R Lotufo, Jason Belden, Robert D. George (2021):
- "Environmental Characterization of Underwater Munitions Constituents at a Former Military Training Range"
Ursula Siebert, Julian Stürznickel, Tobias Schaffeld, Ralf Oheim, Tim Rolvien, Ellen Prenger-Berninghoff, Peter Wohlsein, Jan Lakemeyer, Simon Rohner, Luca Aroha Schick, Stephanie Gross, Dominik Nachtsheim, Christa Ewers, Paul Becher, Michael Amling, Maria Morell (2021)
- "Blast injury on harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) from the Baltic Sea after explosions of deposits of World War II ammunition"
Torsten Frey, Mareike Kampmeier, Marc Seidel (2021)
- "Uncovering the Secrets of German Marine Munitions Dumpsites - High-performance UXO Detection and Visualization"
Jörn Peter Scharsack, Daniel Koske, Katharina Straumer and Ulrike Kammann (2021)
- "Effects of climate change on marine dumped munitions and possible consequence for inhabiting biota"
Petter H Kvadsheim, Tonje N Forland, Karen de Jong, Daniel Nyqvist, Endre Grimsbø, Lise D Sivle (2020):
- "Effekter av støyforurensning på havmiljø - kunnskapsstatus og forvaltningsrådgiving" (Effects of noise pollution on the marine environment - knowledge status and management advice, norwegian language)
Mareike Kampmeier, Eefke M. van der Lee, Uwe Wichert, Jens Greinert (2020)
- "Exploration of the munition dumpsite Kolberger Heide in Kiel Bay, Germany: Example for a standardised hydroacoustic and optic monitoring approach"
Victoria Tornero, Georg Hanke (2016)
- "Chemical contaminants entering the marine environment from sea-based sources: A review with a focus on European seas"
Jacek Bełdowski, Robert Been, Eyup Kuntay Turmus (2017):
- "Towards the Monitoring of Dumped Munitions Threat (MODUM) - A Study of Chemical Munitions Dumpsites in the Baltic Sea"

Risk assessment: NGOs

Adam Cumming (2024):
- "Munitions underwater – a problem for today"
Edmund Maser, Katrine J. Andresen, Tobias H. Bünning, Ole R. Clausen, Uwe Wichert, Jennifer S. Strehse (2024):
- "Ecotoxicological Risk of World War Relic Munitions in the Sea after Low- and High-Order Blast-in-Place Operations"
Sven Bergmann, Matthias Brenner, Jennifer Susanne Strehse, Tobias Hartwig Bünning, Edmund Maser et al. (2023):
- "Risk assessment of war wrecks – a comprehensive approach investigating four wrecks containing munitions in the German Bight/North Sea"
Marcelo Carneiro dos Santos et al. (2023):
- Assessment of the impact of chemical weapons disposal in the ocean according to international conventions
Guilherme R Lotufo, Gunther Rosen, Geoff Carton (2021):
- "SERDP and ESTCP Workshop on State of the Science and Research and Development Needs for Assessing the Environmental Risk of Conventional Underwater Military Munitions"
Gunther Rosen, Guilherme R Lotufo, Jason Belden, Robert D. George (2021):
- "Environmental Characterization of Underwater Munitions Constituents at a Former Military Training Range"
Petter H Kvadsheim, Tonje N Forland, Karen de Jong, Daniel Nyqvist, Endre Grimsbø, Lise D Sivle (2020):
- "Effekter av støyforurensning på havmiljø - kunnskapsstatus og forvaltningsrådgiving" (Effects of noise pollution on the marine environment - knowledge status and management advice, norwegian language)
Matthew Bolton (2012):
- "Technocratic Responses to the Politicization of Risk: Underwater Munitions in New York City’s Gravesend Bay and Narrows"

Regional Coordination

Adam Cumming (2024):
- "Munitions underwater – a problem for today"
Marcelo Carneiro dos Santos et al. (2023):
- Assessment of the impact of chemical weapons disposal in the ocean according to international conventions
Petter Kvadsheim, André Adelsten Søvik, Eirik Rokke, Marianne Lanzky Kolstrup, Tonje Nesse Forland, Geir Pedersen, Endre Grimsbø, Ole Bendik Dale (2022):
- "Risiko for skade på laksefisk i omkringliggende oppdrettsanlegg ved etablering av undervanns- skytefelt på Korsnes Fort" (Risk of damage to salmonids in surrounding fish farms when establishing an underwater shooting range at Korsnes Fort, norwegian language)
Guilherme R Lotufo, Gunther Rosen, Geoff Carton (2021):
- "SERDP and ESTCP Workshop on State of the Science and Research and Development Needs for Assessing the Environmental Risk of Conventional Underwater Military Munitions"
Gunther Rosen, Guilherme R Lotufo, Jason Belden, Robert D. George (2021):
- "Environmental Characterization of Underwater Munitions Constituents at a Former Military Training Range"
Matthew Bolton (2012):
- "Technocratic Responses to the Politicization of Risk: Underwater Munitions in New York City’s Gravesend Bay and Narrows"

Mapping and evaluation

Mapping and evaluation

Sven Bergmann, Matthias Brenner, Jennifer Susanne Strehse, Tobias Hartwig Bünning, Edmund Maser et al. (2023):
- "Risk assessment of war wrecks – a comprehensive approach investigating four wrecks containing munitions in the German Bight/North Sea"
Mareike Kampmeier, Eefke M. van der Lee, Uwe Wichert, Jens Greinert (2020)
- "Exploration of the munition dumpsite Kolberger Heide in Kiel Bay, Germany: Example for a standardised hydroacoustic and optic monitoring approach"
Torsten Frey, Prof. Dr. Robert Holländer (2019)
- "A Comprehensive Quality Guideline for the Treatment of Unexploded Ordnance Encountered During Offshore Construction Projects"
Granbom P.O. (1996)
- "Investigation of a Dumping Area in the Skagerrak 1992" In: Kaffka A.V. (eds) Sea-Dumped Chemical Weapons: Aspects, Problems and Solutions

Archival research

Alex Souchen (2021):
- "The use of historical evidence in studies on underwater munitions"
Alex Souchen (2021):
- "Missing from the record: historians, archival research and underwater munitions"

State of the art

Arjan Den Otter, M C Olde, W Van De Steeg (2024):
- "Deterioration study of sea-dumped munitions in the eastern Scheldt"
Kathleen J. Gosnell, Lars-Eric Heimbürger-Boavida, Aaron J Beck, E. P. Achterberg (2023):
- "World war munitions as a source of mercury in the southwest Baltic Sea"
Marc Seidel, Torsten Frey, Jens Greinert (2023):
- "Underwater UXO detection using magnetometry on hovering AUVs"
Trung Hoang, Kyle S. Dalton, Isaac Gerg, Vishal Monga (2022):
- "Domain Enriched Deep Networks for Munition Detection in Underwater 3D Sonar Imagery"
Aaron J Beck, Martha Gledhill, Mareike Kampmeier, Caiyan Feng, Christian Schlosser, Jens Greinert, E. P. Achterberg (2021):
- "Explosives compounds from sea-dumped relic munitions accumulate in marine biota"
Torsten Frey, Mareike Kampmeier, Marc Seidel (2021):
- Uncovering the Secrets of German Marine Munitions Dumpsites - High-performance UXO Detection and Visualization
Gunther Rosen, Guilherme R. Lotufo, Jason B. Beldenc, Robert D. George (2021)
- "Munitions Constituents at a Coastal Former Training Site - Environmental Characterization of Underwater Munitions Constituents at a Former Military Training Range"
Mareike Kampmeier, Eefke M. van der Lee, Uwe Wichert, Jens Greinert (2020)
- "Exploration of the munition dumpsite Kolberger Heide in Kiel Bay, Germany: Example for a standardised hydroacoustic and optic monitoring approach"
Paula Vanninen (2020):
- "Exposure status of sea-dumped chemical warfare agents in the Baltic Sea"
John Aasulf Tørnes, Thomas Vik, Tomas Tungen Kjellstrøm (2020):
- "Leakage rate of the nerve agent tabun from sea-dumped munition"
Torsten Frey, Prof. Dr. Robert Holländer (2019):
- "A Comprehensive Quality Guideline for the Treatment of Unexploded Ordnance Encountered During Offshore Construction Projects"
Tina Kunde, Philipp Held, Harald Sternberg, Jens Schneider von Deimling (2018):
- "Ammunition detection using high frequency multibeam snippet backscatter information"
David Malphurs (2016):
- "Extracting elastic target information from acoustic scattering data of underwater munitions"
Granbom P.O. (1996)
- "Investigation of a Dumping Area in the Skagerrak 1992" In: Kaffka A.V. (eds) Sea-Dumped Chemical Weapons: Aspects, Problems and Solutions
Jacek Bełdowski, Robert Been, Eyup Kuntay Turmus (2017):
- "Towards the Monitoring of Dumped Munitions Threat (MODUM) - A Study of Chemical Munitions Dumpsites in the Baltic Sea"
Tine Missiaen, Flanders Marine Institute (2019)
- "Environmental risks related to munition dumped at sea: case study from the Paardenmarkt dumpsite off the Belgian coast"

Methods of mapping - Survey

Adam Cumming, Claus Boettcher (2023):
- "Impact of Munitions and Explosives of Concern (MEC) on Maritime Safety, Security and Sustainable Remediation (AVT-330)"
Torsten Frey, Mareike Kampmeier, Marc Seidel (2021):
- Uncovering the Secrets of German Marine Munitions Dumpsites - High-performance UXO Detection and Visualization
Mareike Kampmeier, Eefke M. van der Lee, Uwe Wichert, Jens Greinert (2020)
- "Exploration of the munition dumpsite Kolberger Heide in Kiel Bay, Germany: Example for a standardised hydroacoustic and optic monitoring approach"

Research / Current topics

Vadym Slyusar (2024):
- "Application of Neural Network Technologies for Underwater Munitions Detection"
Trung Hoang, Kyle S. Dalton, Isaac Gerg, Vishal Monga (2022):
- "Domain Enriched Deep Networks for Munition Detection in Underwater 3D Sonar Imagery"

Environment and toxicity

Blast and noise impacts

Adam Cumming, Claus Boettcher (2023):
- "Impact of Munitions and Explosives of Concern (MEC) on Maritime Safety, Security and Sustainable Remediation (AVT-330)"
Petter Kvadsheim, André Adelsten Søvik, Eirik Rokke, Marianne Lanzky Kolstrup, Tonje Nesse Forland, Geir Pedersen, Endre Grimsbø, Ole Bendik Dale (2022):
- "Risiko for skade på laksefisk i omkringliggende oppdrettsanlegg ved etablering av undervanns- skytefelt på Korsnes Fort" (Risk of damage to salmonids in surrounding fish farms when establishing an underwater shooting range at Korsnes Fort, norwegian language)
Svenja Papenmeier, Alexander Darr and Peter Feldens (2022):
- Geomorphological Data from Detonation Craters in theFehmarn Belt, German Baltic Sea
Bremerhaven: Thünen Institute of Fisheries Ecology - Kammann et al. (2021):
- DAIMON Ecotox Toolbox in a nutshell: short practical guidance to explain and apply the Ecotox Toolbox (in simple version) [online]
Ursula Siebert, Julian Stürznickel, Tobias Schaffeld, Ralf Oheim, Tim Rolvien, Ellen Prenger-Berninghoff, Peter Wohlsein, Jan Lakemeyer, Simon Rohner, Luca Aroha Schick, Stephanie Gross, Dominik Nachtsheim, Christa Ewers, Paul Becher, Michael Amling, Maria Morell (2021)
- "Blast injury on harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) from the Baltic Sea after explosions of deposits of World War II ammunition"
Edmund Maser, Jennifer S.Strehse (2020)
- “Don’t Blast”: blast-in-place (BiP) operations of dumped World War munitions in the oceans significantly increase hazards to the environment and the human seafood consumer
David E. Alexander (2019):
- "The strange case of the Richard Montgomery: on the evolution of intractable risk"

Methodology

Edmund Maser, Katrine J. Andresen, Tobias H. Bünning, Ole R. Clausen, Uwe Wichert, Jennifer S. Strehse (2024):
- "Ecotoxicological Risk of World War Relic Munitions in the Sea after Low- and High-Order Blast-in-Place Operations"
Marcelo Carneiro dos Santos et al. (2023):
- Assessment of the impact of chemical weapons disposal in the ocean according to international conventions
Jennifer S. Strehse, Matthias Brenner, Michael Kisiela, Edmund Maser (2021):
- "The explosive trinitrotoluene (TNT) induces gene expression of carbonyl reductase in the blue mussel (Mytilus spp.): a new promising biomarker for sea dumped war relicts?"
Gunther Rosen, Guilherme R Lotufo, Jason Belden, Robert D. George (2021):
- "Environmental Characterization of Underwater Munitions Constituents at a Former Military Training Range"
Bremerhaven: Thünen Institute of Fisheries Ecology - Kammann et al. (2021):
- DAIMON Ecotox Toolbox in a nutshell: short practical guidance to explain and apply the Ecotox Toolbox (in simple version) [online]
Jörn Peter Scharsack, Daniel Koske, Katharina Straumer and Ulrike Kammann (2021)
- "Effects of climate change on marine dumped munitions and possible consequence for inhabiting biota"
Tobias Hartwig Bünning, Jennifer Susanne Strehse, Ann Christin Hollmann, Tom Bötticher and Edmund Maser (2021)
- "A Toolbox for the Determination of Nitroaromatic Explosives in Marine Water, Sediment, and Biota Samples on Femtogram Levels by GC-MS/MS"
Aaron J. Beck, Martha Gledhill, Mareike Kampmeiera, Caiyan Fenga, Christian Schlosser, Jens Greinert, Eric P. Achterberg (2021):
- "Explosives compounds from sea-dumped relic munitions accumulate in marine biota"
Hanna Niemikoski et al. (2020)
- "Detection of chemical warfare agent related phenylarsenic compounds and multibiomarker responses in cod (Gadus morhua) from munition dumpsite"
Daniel Koske, Katharina Straumer, Nadine I. Goldenstein, Reinhold Hanel, Thomas Lang, Ulrike Kammann (2020)
- "First evidence of explosives and their degradation products in dab (Limanda limanda L.) from a munition dumpsite in the Baltic Sea"
John Aasulf Tørnes, Thomas Vik, Tomas Tungen Kjellstrøm (2020)
- "Leakage rate of the nerve agent tabun from sea-dumped munition"
Aaron J. Beck, Eefke M. van der Lee, Anja Eggert, Beate Stamer, Martha Gledhill, Christian Schlosser, Eric P. Achterberg (2019)
- "In Situ Measurements of Explosive Compound Dissolution Fluxes from Exposed Munition Material in the Baltic Sea"
Jacek Bełdowski, Marta Szubska, Grzegorz Siedlewicz, Ewa Korejwo, Miłosz Grabowski, Magdalena Bełdowska, Urszula Kwasi (2019)
- "Sea-dumped ammunition as a possible source of mercury to the Baltic Sea sediments"
Gunther Rosen, Guilherme R Lotufo, Robert D George, Jason Belden (2018):
- "Field Validation of POCIS for Monitoring at Underwater Munitions Sites: Field validation of POCIS for underwater munitions sites"
Daniel Appel, Jennifer S. Strehse, Hans-Jörg Martin, Edmund Maser (2018)
- "Bioaccumulation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and its metabolites leaking from corroded munition in transplanted blue mussels (M. edulis)"
Jennifer S. Strehse, Daniel Appel, Catharina Geist, Hans-Jörg Martin, Edmund Maser (2017)
- "Biomonitoring of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene and degradation products in the marine environment with transplanted blue mussels (M. edulis)"
Environmental Impact of Munition and Propellant Disposal (Impact environnemental de l’élimination des munitions (2010):
- "Environmental Impact of Munition and Propellant Disposal (Impact environnemental de l’élimination des munitions" [pdf]

Environmental distribution

Helsinki Commission – HELCOM (2024):
- "Hazardous Submerged Objects in the Baltic Sea" [pdf]
Arjan Den Otter, M C Olde, W Van De Steeg (2024):
- "Deterioration study of sea-dumped munitions in the eastern Scheldt"
J. H. den Otter, D. Pröfrock, T. H. Bünning, J. S. Strehse, A. E. D. M. van der Heijden, E. Maser (2023):
- "Release of Ammunition-Related Compounds from a Dutch Marine Dump Site"
Edmund Maser, Katrine J. Andresen, Tobias H. Bünning, Ole R. Clausen, Uwe Wichert, Jennifer S. Strehse (2024):
- "Ecotoxicological Risk of World War Relic Munitions in the Sea after Low- and High-Order Blast-in-Place Operations"
Sven Bergmann, Matthias Brenner, Jennifer Susanne Strehse, Tobias Hartwig Bünning, Edmund Maser et al. (2023):
- "Risk assessment of war wrecks – a comprehensive approach investigating four wrecks containing munitions in the German Bight/North Sea"
Marcelo Carneiro dos Santos et al. (2023):
- Assessment of the impact of chemical weapons disposal in the ocean according to international conventions
Gunther Rosen, Guilherme R Lotufo, Jason Belden, Robert D. George (2021):
- "Environmental Characterization of Underwater Munitions Constituents at a Former Military Training Range"
Aaron J Beck, Martha Gledhill, Mareike Kampmeier, Caiyan Feng, Christian Schlosser, Jens Greinert, E. P. Achterberg (2021)
- "Explosives compounds from sea-dumped relic munitions accumulate in marine biota"
Edmund Maser, Jennifer S. Strehse (2021)
- "Can seafood from marine sites of dumped World War relicts be eaten?"
Bremerhaven: Thünen Institute of Fisheries Ecology - Kammann et al. (2021):
- DAIMON Ecotox Toolbox in a nutshell: short practical guidance to explain and apply the Ecotox Toolbox (in simple version) [online]
Daniel Koske, Katharina Straumer, Nadine I. Goldenstein, Reinhold Hanel, Thomas Lang, Ulrike Kammann (2020)
- "First evidence of explosives and their degradation products in dab (Limanda limanda L.) from a munition dumpsite in the Baltic Sea"
Paula Vanninen (2020)
- "Exposure status of sea-dumped chemical warfare agents in the Baltic Sea"
Aaron J. Beck, Eefke M. van der Lee, Anja Eggert, Beate Stamer, Martha Gledhill, Christian Schlosser, Eric P. Achterberg (2019)
- "In Situ Measurements of Explosive Compound Dissolution Fluxes from Exposed Munition Material in the Baltic Sea"
Jacek Bełdowski, Marta Szubska, Grzegorz Siedlewicz, Ewa Korejwo, Miłosz Grabowski, Magdalena Bełdowska, Urszula Kwasi (2019)
- "Sea-dumped ammunition as a possible source of mercury to the Baltic Sea sediments"
Gunther Rosen, Guilherme R Lotufo, Robert D George, Jason Belden (2018):
- "Field Validation of POCIS for Monitoring at Underwater Munitions Sites: Field validation of POCIS for underwater munitions sites"
Daniel Appel, Jennifer S. Strehse, Hans-Jörg Martin, Edmund Maser (2018)
- "Bioaccumulation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and its metabolites leaking from corroded munition in transplanted blue mussels (M. edulis)"
Aaron J. Beck et al. (2018)
- "Spread, Behavior, and Ecosystem Consequences of Conventional Munitions Compounds in Coastal Marine Waters"
Jacek Bełdowski, Robert Been, Eyup Kuntay Turmus (2017)
- "Towards the Monitoring of Dumped Munitions Threat (MODUM) - A Study of Chemical Munitions Dumpsites in the Baltic Sea"
Victoria Tornero, Georg Hanke (2016)
- "Chemical contaminants entering the marine environment from sea-based sources: A review with a focus on European seas"
Camilla Della Torre, Tommaso Petochi, Cristina Farchi, Ilaria Corsi, Maria Maddalena Dinardo, Valerio Sammarini, Luigi Alcaro, Luca Mechelli, Silvano Focardi, Angelo Tursi, Giovanna Marino, Ezio Amato (2013)
- "Environmental hazard of yperite released at sea: sublethal toxic effects on fish"

Biomonitoring

Edmund Maser, Tobias H. Bünning, Matthias Brenner, Sven Van Haelst, Maarten De Rijcke, Patrick Müller, Uwe Wichert, Jennifer S. Strehse (2023):
- "Warship wrecks and their munition cargos as a threat to the marine environment and humans: The V 1302 “JOHN MAHN” from World War II"
Jennifer Susanne Strehse, Tobias Hartwig Bünning, Jan Koschorreck, Anita Künitzer, Edmund Maser (2023):
- "Long-Term Trends for Blue Mussels from the German Environmental Specimen Bank Show First Evidence of Munition Contaminants Uptake"
Luca Aroha Schick, Jennifer Susanne Strehse, Tobias Hartwig Bünning, Edmund Maser, Ursula Siebert (2022):
- "Energetic Compounds in the Trophic Chain—A Pilot Study Examining the Exposure Risk of Common Eiders (Somateria mollissima) to TNT, Its Metabolites, and By-Products"
Wojciech Wilczynski, Monika Radlinska, Klaus Wysujack, Michał Czub, Tomasz Brzeziński, Grzegorz Kowalczyk, Jacek Bełdowski, Pedro Nogueira, and Piotr Maszczyk (2022):
- "Metagenomic Analysis of the Gastrointestinal Microbiota of Gadus morhua callarias L. Originating from a Chemical Munition Dump Site"
Maser E, Strehse JS. (2021):
- "Can seafood from marine sites of dumped World War relicts be eaten?"
Strehse JS, Maser E. (2020):
- "Marine bivalves as bioindicators for environmental pollutants with focus on dumped munitions in the sea: A review."
Maser E, Strehse JS. (2020):
- "Don't Blast": blast-in-place (BiP) operations of dumped World War munitions in the oceans significantly increase hazards to the environment and the human seafood consumer.
Appel D, Strehse JS, Martin HJ, Maser E. (2018):
- "Bioaccumulation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and its metabolites leaking from corroded munition in transplanted blue mussels (M. edulis)"
Strehse JS, Appel D, Geist C, Martin HJ, Maser E. (2017):
- "Biomonitoring of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene and degradation products in the marine environment with transplanted blue mussels (M. edulis)"
Environmental Impact of Munition and Propellant Disposal (Impact environnemental de l’élimination des munitions (2010):
- "Environmental Impact of Munition and Propellant Disposal (Impact environnemental de l’élimination des munitions" [pdf]

Sediment contamination

Edmund Maser, Tobias H. Bünning, Matthias Brenner, Sven Van Haelst, Maarten De Rijcke, Patrick Müller, Uwe Wichert, Jennifer S. Strehse (2023):
- "Warship wrecks and their munition cargos as a threat to the marine environment and humans: The V 1302 “JOHN MAHN” from World War II"

Chemical exposure

Jana Jacobsen, Amma G. Adomako-Bonsu, Edmund Maser (2022):
- "Induction of carbonyl reductase 1 (CR1) gene expression in Daphnia magna by TNT, but not its key metabolites 2-ADNT and 4-ADNT"
Miao Xu, Ping Sun, Ming Wu, Xiyan Cui, Dong Liu, Amma G. Adomako-Bonsu, Min Geng, Guangming Xiong, Liquan Guo, Liquan Guo (2023):
- "Critical Role of Monooxygenase in Biodegradation of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene by Buttiauxella sp. S19-1"
Schuster R, Strehse JS, Ahvo A, Turja R, Maser E, Bickmeyer U, Lehtonen KK, Brenner M. (2021):
- "Exposure to dissolved TNT causes multilevel biological effects in Baltic mussels (Mytilus spp.)."
Strehse JS, Brenner M, Kisiela M, Maser E (2020):
- "The explosive trinitrotoluene (TNT) induces gene expression of carbonyl reductase in the blue mussel (Mytilus spp.): a new promising biomarker for sea dumped war relicts?"

Bioaccumulation

Jennifer Susanne Strehse, Tobias Hartwig Bünning, Jan Koschorreck, Anita Künitzer, Edmund Maser (2023):
- "Long-Term Trends for Blue Mussels from the German Environmental Specimen Bank Show First Evidence of Munition Contaminants Uptake"
Luca Aroha Schick, Jennifer Susanne Strehse, Tobias Hartwig Bünning, Edmund Maser, Ursula Siebert (2022):
- "Energetic Compounds in the Trophic Chain—A Pilot Study Examining the Exposure Risk of Common Eiders (Somateria mollissima) to TNT, Its Metabolites, and By-Products"
Wojciech Wilczynski, Monika Radlinska, Klaus Wysujack, Michał Czub, Tomasz Brzeziński, Grzegorz Kowalczyk, Jacek Bełdowski, Pedro Nogueira, and Piotr Maszczyk (2022):
- " Metagenomic Analysis of the Gastrointestinal Microbiota of Gadus morhua callarias L. Originating from a Chemical Munition Dump Site"
Aaron J. Beck, Martha Gledhill, Mareike Kampmeiera, Caiyan Fenga, Christian Schlosser, Jens Greinert, Eric P. Achterberg (2021):
- "Explosives compounds from sea-dumped relic munitions accumulate in marine biota"